Fernanda Leite Lobo, Xin Wang, Zhiyong Jason Ren

Journal of Power Sources • 2017

Xiao Han, Lizhi Chen, Di He et al.

International Journal of Electrochemical Science • 2019

Shuihong Li, Qianqian Mou, Nuozhou Feng et al.

International Journal of Electrochemical Science • 2018

Geetanjali, Radha Rani, Sanjay Kumar

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy • 2019

Lewis Hsu, Abdelrhman Mohamed, Phuc Thi Ha et al.

Journal of The Electrochemical Society • 2016

Meng Li, Shaoqi Zhou

Chemical Engineering Journal • 2018

Guotao Sun, Kang Kang, Ling Qiu et al.

Bioelectrochemistry • 2019

Eliseo Herrero‐Hernandez, David Greenfield, Thomas J. Smith et al.

Electroanalysis • 2019

Abstract A mediatorless microbial fuel cell was developed using Escherichia coli bacteria and platinised titanium mesh as electrodes, producing a maximum power density of 627 mW m −2 . The performance characteristics of the fuel cell were evaluated using both electrochemical and optical techniques. Cyclic Voltammetry showed that an anaerobically grown cell suspension of E. coli was electrochemically active, and is consistent with a role for E. coli ‐secreted mediators in the functioning of the cell, after the formation of a biofilm on the surface of the electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data show a variation in the internal resistance during bacterial growth. EIS analysis based on an equivalent circuit revealed that the initial internal resistance of the cell (5.6 MΩ) initially reduces by around 50 % over an 8 hour period; more or less the same time where the fuel cell reaches its maximum potential of 860 mV, whereupon the resistance begins to increase resulting in the corresponding fall in potential; this trend was reversible upon the introduction of further nutrients into the cell.

M. Sindhuja, V. Sudha, S. Harinipriya et al.

Materials Today: Proceedings • 2018

Giacomo Falcucci, Rosa Anna Nastro, Viviana Cigolotti et al.

ECS Meeting Abstracts • 2016

In this work, a novel numerical approach for the simulation of electrochemical and power performance of Microbial Fuel Cells (LBM) for waste-water treatment is proposed. Our model is based on the accurate description of the MFC internal phenomena by means of the Lattice Boltzmann Method, a numerical approach based on an optimized formulation of Boltzmann's Kinetic Energy, which has been successfully applied to phenomena of technical and engineering interest in recent years. Employing a multi-component LBM solver, an accurate prediction of wastewater flow through the reactor chamber is achieved; within the LBM framework, a novel methodology has been developed to account for the different types of anode materials in MFC reactors (carbon fiber brushes or solid porous media). The direct conversion of organic substrate into e - and H + through microbs metabolism has been modeled according to dedicated experimental activity. The electrochemical characteristics of anode and cathode electrodes have been included and their effects on internal species transport and charge transfer is accurately simulated. The very good agreement between our results and the experiments in literature highlight the reliability and versatility of LBM applied to MFC implementations. Figure 1

Christin Koch, Benjamin Korth, Falk Harnisch

Microbial Biotechnology • 2017

Summary Microbial ecology is devoted to the understanding of dynamics, activity and interaction of microorganisms in natural and technical ecosystems. Bioelectrochemical systems represent important technical ecosystems, where microbial ecology is of highest importance for their function. However, whereas aspects of, for example, materials and reactor engineering are commonly perceived as highly relevant, the study and engineering of microbial ecology are significantly underrepresented in bioelectrochemical systems. This shortfall may be assigned to a deficit on knowledge and power of these methods as well as the prerequisites for their thorough application. This article discusses not only the importance of microbial ecology for microbial electrochemical technologies but also shows which information can be derived for a knowledge‐driven engineering. Instead of providing a comprehensive list of techniques from which it is hard to judge the applicability and value of information for a respective one, this review illustrates the suitability of selected techniques on a case study. Thereby, best practice for different research questions is provided and a set of key questions for experimental design, data acquisition and analysis is suggested.

Guang-En Yuan, Honghu Deng, Xiangli Ru et al.

International Journal of Electrochemical Science • 2018

Naroa Uria, Isabel Ferrera, Jordi Mas

BMC Microbiology • 2017

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) operating with complex microbial communities have been extensively reported in the past, and are commonly used in applications such as wastewater treatment, bioremediation or in-situ powering of environmental sensors. However, our knowledge on how the composition of the microbial community and the different types of electron transfer to the anode affect the performance of these bioelectrochemical systems is far from complete. To fill this gap of knowledge, we designed a set of three MFCs with different constrains limiting direct and mediated electron transfer to the anode.

Ankisha Vijay, Meenu Chhabra, Tessy Vincent

Bioresource Technology • 2018

Li-ping Fan, Lu-lu Zhang

International Journal of Electrochemical Science • 2016

Haiman Wang, Zhuang Miao, Lei Chao et al.

Applied Sciences • 2020

Biocathode microbial electrochemical systems (MESs) that remove nitrogen compounds out of wastewater are of special interest for practice. High energy-input for aeration is one of the barriers that hinder their application on a wider scope. A trickling-bed biocathode MES (TB-MES) was developed by integrating biotrickling filters with a biocathode MES. By recirculating the catholyte and sprinkling it through a spray nozzle, the system was able to achieve a reoxygenation process, which could facilitate the creation of an aerobic and anoxic environment. At an optimal recirculation rate of 200 mL min−1, the TB-MES removed 87.2 ± 2.7% of ammonium nitrogen and 79.7 ± 2.5% of total nitrogen (TN), and simultaneously achieved a maximum power density of 3.8 ± 0.3 Wm−3. Comparable performances were achieved when treating domestic wastewater, which were 84.6 ± 2.4%, 70.1 ± 4.2%, and 3.2 ± 0.2 W m−3 for ammonium nitrogen removal, TN removal, and maximum power density. Pyrosequencing analysis revealed Nitrosomonas was more abundant in the upper portion of the carbon fiber brush biocathode (CFBup, 20.4%) and Azoarcus was more abundant in the lower portion (CFBbottom, 12.6%), which was probably caused by the difference in dissolved oxygen concentration in different parts of the biocathode. The TB-MES shows great promise for domestic wastewater treatment by employing biotrickling filters for oxygen supply in biocathode MES.

P XU

Applied Ecology and Environmental Research • 2018

Wei Wei, Fredrik Björefors, Kristina Edström et al.

ECS Meeting Abstracts • 2016

During the past few years, with the increasing power demand generated by applications from portable devices to electric vehicles, more and more emphasis is put on manufacturing high energy and power density Li-ion batteries, i.e., to maximize the capacities while retaining a high rate capability. So far, the studies have been mainly dedicated to the development of powder type electrode materials and relatively little attention has been paid to studies of other electrode architectures. While composite electrodes containing a mixture of the active material powders, binders and conductive additives still are commonly used, such electrodes often yield poor material utilization, undefined material/component arrangements and a lot of complex interfaces. In the present work, we demonstrate that various highly ordered, free-standing oxide nanotube array electrodes, fabricated by electrochemical anodization approaches, can be used either for high energy density and power density Li-ion microbattery applications or as model monolithic electrodes for electrode engineering studies. By using anatase TiO2 nanotube electrodes (as an example of an intercalation type material), an areal capacity of 0.37 mAh cm-2 (i.e., 40 mAh g-1) at a rate of 10C (using a (dis-)charge current density of 9 mA cm-2), and 1 mAh cm-2 (i.e., 91 mAh g-1) at a rate of C/5), can be achieved. [1] Well-defined monolithic anatase TiO2 nanotube electrodes with fine-tuned nanotube size gradients (including tube length, diameter and wall thickness) can also be manufactured using a bipolar electrochemistry approach. [2] The gradient nanotube electrodes can provide excellent rate performance, with capacities from of 0.16 mAh cm-2 or 169 mAh g-1 at a rate of C/5 to 0.04 mAh cm-2 or 42 mAh g-1 at a rate of 50C. In addition, free-standing Nb2O5 nanotube electrodes, which can be cycled for 10000 cycles with only a 20% loss of initial capacities, can provide unprecedented high-rate battery performances, i.e. the capacities from of 0.1 mAh cm-2 or 110 mAh g-1 at a rate of C/5 to 0.04 mAh cm-2 or 44 mAh g-1at a rate of 100C.[3] Some recent work carried out to investigate highly ordered Fe3O4 nanotubular/nanoporous electrodes as a prototype free-standing conversion electrode will also be described. References:[1] W. Wei, et al., submitted, 2015 ; [2] W. Wei, et al., Electrochim. Acta 2015, 176, 1393 ; [3] W. Wei, et al., in preparation, 2016

Er. Manjit Singh Bhullar

International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science • 2017

Troy Vettese

Electronic Green Journal • 2016

Shibin Qin, Yutian Lei, Christopher Barth et al.

IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics • 2017

Xiao-Dong DING

DEStech Transactions on Engineering and Technology Research • 2017

Dong-Hee Kim, Min-Jung Kim, Byoung-Kuk Lee

IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics • 2017

Constantina Lekakou, Joseph Paul Baboo, Foivos Markoulidis et al.

ECS Meeting Abstracts • 2019

Research is presented aiming to increase both power and energy density of lithium batteries by applying composite cathodes containing sulphur, which has a high theoretical specific capacity of 1675 Ah/kg S and is an abundant and low-cost material, and increase the power density of the cells by creating battery-supercapacitor hybrids with the hybridisation carried out at electrode material level. The focus of current research worldwide has been to increase the cyclability of lithium-sulphur (Li-S) batteries, which has been accomplished by devising composite sulphur cathodes, to avoid cathode degradation due to the expansion of sulphur to accommodate the formation of sulphides, and various functionalisation approaches to trap the sulphides and avoid the ‘shuttle’ effect during charge. However, the theoretical capacity of sulphur has not been achieved even at first discharge, lowering the expected energy density, and this is further compounded by the fact that only a fraction of the composite cathode is sulphur. Modelling studies have shown that access of all sulphur by the Li + ions in the micropores is critical and formation of sufficient amounts of higher order sulphides during the first stage of discharge is needed, to be able to obtain a long second stage discharge plateau. The first stage of our study is focused on demonstrating homogeneous and deep sulphur impregnation of porous carbonaceous material to create cathodes with more than 50 wt% sulphur in a supercapacitor-type, porous, host matrix. Repeated discharges are carried out after which we have achieved the theoretical specific capacity of sulphur at first discharge (cumulative curve in Figure 1). We shall continue with parametric studies to investigate the effect of different amounts of sulphur in the composite cathode on the pore size distribution and discharge capacity. The second part of this study includes the investigations into lithium battery-supercapacitor cells hybridised at electrode material level, in combinations of parallel and in series material parts in equivalent circuit models. The effect of the supercapacitor porous carbonaceous electrode materials on the voltage of the cell in galvanostatic charge-discharge curves will be presented in experimental investigations for half-cells of both sides and full cells. Some novel cell architectures will be presented aiming at minimising any detrimental reactions in the supercapacitor materials within the battery cell window. Figure 1

T. Motomura, T. Tabaru

AIP Advances • 2017

A novel magnetron sputtering cathode with a magnetic mirror configuration is proposed, for low power density operation. The magnetic field profiles are simply constructed using two cylindrical permanent magnets positioned behind the disk-shaped sputtering target of 50 mm in diameter. The magnetic mirror configuration near the center and the outer edges of the target enables low power density operation up to 0.25 W/cm2 in the case of DC input power of 5 W. A sputtering rate of ∼0.2 nm/min was obtained under experimental conditions with target-substrate distance of 280 mm, Ar gas pressure of 0.1 Pa, and DC input power of 15 W.

Adriana D'Angelo, Sara Mateo, Onofrio Scialdone et al.

Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology • 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis work is focused on the optimization of the performances of air‐cathode microbial fuel cells (MFC) by changing the solid retention time (SRT) of the suspended biomass culture.RESULTSFive MFCs inoculated with activated sludge obtained from a municipal wastewater treatment plant were fed with a highly‐concentrated acetate solution (10 000 ppm COD) and operated over two‐month tests in order to determine how SRT may influence the performances of the bio‐electrogenic cells. The MFC operated at SRTs of 2.5 days was found to outperform the other cells, operated at SRT of 1.4, 5.0, 7.4 and 10.0 days. In order to evaluate the possibility of using SRT as a manipulated parameter for the regulation of the operation of MFC, the SRT of the other MFCs was changed from their initial value up or down to 2.5 days.CONCLUSIONSAs a result of the change in the SRT, production of electricity of the cells increased significantly in all cases, highlighting the relevance of SRT control in the optimization of the performances of MFCs. By operating at SRT 2.5 days, the current density was 4.2 A m−2, the COD consumption rate was 1.53 g COD d−1 L−1 and the COD transformed by electrogenic microorganisms was estimated at 1.5%. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry

Uday Kumar Mudhigollam, Umakanta Choudhury, Kamalesh Hatua

IET Electric Power Applications • 2018

The power electronic equipment is very much required when the alternator, capable of providing certain voltage level with a certain frequency, has to supply power to the load that needs voltage level or frequency other than the rated voltage and rated frequency of the alternator. At the same time, the power electronic circuit will also become complex if the alternator is to be provided with multiple outputs of different voltages with different frequencies. Therefore, a hybrid flux permanent magnet alternator (PMA) with multiple outputs is proposed in this study by utilising both radial flux permanent magnet (PM) technology and axial flux PM technology. The utilisation of both radial and axial flux PM technologies in the proposed hybrid flux multiple output PMA increases the power density also compared with that of conventional multiple output PMA. A comparison study is carried out between the conventional PMA and proposed hybrid flux multiple output PMA for the same volume and the same is also validated with finite‐element method software and prototype testing.

Aishui Yu

ECS Meeting Abstracts • 2019

Capacities and power density of Li-O 2 batteries are closed contacted with physical properties of electrolyte. In this work, we research the electrochemical performance of the mixed electrolyte between dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), firstly. The cell with 70% of DMA mixed electrolyte exhibited high discharge rate capability and low over-potential that the charge platform is below 3.6V at a current density of 0.2 mA cm -2 . The titration result showed that DMA is more stable than DMSO in Li-O 2 batteries. It is because that the stability of high donor number (DN) solvent is less than that of the low DN solvent in Li-O 2 batteries, even though high DN solvent has a high discharge capacities. 1, 2 Based on this, we proposed a new strategy; namely, by combining a relative stable solvent with low DN and a stable additive as the cell electrolyte, the relationship between high capacity and high stability could be balanced. A novel type electrolyte additive, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMTS), is applied to Li-O 2 batteries with TEGDME-based electrolyte with low DN. The electrochemical tests show that, With an optimal OMTS content (10% OMTS), the cell displayed a discharge capacity of 6778 mAh g -1 at 0.05 mA cm -2 , and its discharge capacity still has an acceptable capacity of 1823mAh g -1 at an ultra-high current density of 1 mA cm -2 . Specially, the capacity retention of the cell with optimal OMTS content is more than double that of the cell with no OMTS additive at large current density of 1 mA cm -2 . The further NMR and Li 2 O 2 yield measurements during discharge indicate that OMTS additive does not alter the discharge product and compromise the stability of electrolyte. Figure 1

Seong Moon Yong, Yong Kyu Lee, Jong Myoung Won

Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry • 2016

Wei Li, Qingxiang Liu, Zhengquan Zhang et al.

IET Power Electronics • 2017

To meet the demand of high efficiency, high power density and good input and output performance for high power high voltage converter, the high frequency AC‐link scheme, below resonance mode of LCC resonant circuit and soft‐switched control method are combined in the proposed converter. The AC‐link scheme can bring good performance at input port with small size, the continuous mode can reduce the peak current value in switches and the conduction loss, soft‐switching character can reduce the switching loss. To make the combination applicable in high voltage application, this study introduces a control method including switch commutation, control algorithm and control block diagram. To verify accuracy of control parameters and feasibility of the proposed converter, the simulation and experiment are conducted on a 50 kV, 80 kW prototype. It turns out that the experiment results are in agreement with simulation and theoretically expected results. The experimental results also show that the output voltage ripple is less than 1% at 50 kV, the input power factor is 0.99, the total harmonic distortion of input current is less than 7.5%, the total efficiency is 94.5% and power density is 0.93 W/cm 3 .

Asım Sinan KARAKURT

Journal of Thermal Engineering • 2020

The supercritical CO2 (s-CO2) power cycle has been taking into account as one of the most effective alternatives for energy conversion because of its higher efficiency and smaller compressor and turbine sizes for many years. A plenty number of parametric and experimental studies for the different type of s-CO2 cycles have been accomplished in the literature. In this paper, a performance analysis based on a power density criterion has been carried out for a simple s-CO2 Brayton power cycle. The parameters which are obtained from analyzes were compared with those of a power performance criterion that is shown that design parameters at maximum power density give a chance to smaller cycle components and more efficient s-CO2 Brayton power cycle. Due to loses in the cycle, the power and thermal efficiency will reduce by a certain amount, however, the maximum power density conditions will still give a better performance than at the maximum power output conditions. The analysis exemplified in this paper may provide a reference for the finding of optimal operating conditions and the design parameters for real s-CO2 Brayton power cycles.

Masoud Pedram, Akbar Esfandiari, Mohammad Reza Khedmati

Structural Control and Health Monitoring • 2016

Ola M. Gomaa, Segun Fapetu, Godfrey Kyazze et al.

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology • 2017

Unknown Author

International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) • 2016

Sandrine M. Soh, Dong-Gyu Lee, Robert J. Mitchell

Biosensors and Bioelectronics • 2020

This study demonstrates the impact outer membrane permeability has on the power densities generated by E. coli-based microbial fuel cells with neutral red as the mediator, and how increasing the permeability improves the current generation. Experiments performed with several lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mutants (ΔwaaC, ΔwaaF and ΔwaaG) of E. coli BW25113 that increase the outer membrane permeability found the power generated by two of the truncated LPS mutants, i.e., ΔwaaC and ΔwaaF, to be significantly higher (5.6 and 6.9 mW/m 2 , respectively) than that of the wild-type E. coli BW25113 (2.6 mW/m 2 ). Branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI, 400 mg/L), a strong chemical permeabilizer, was more effective, however, increasing the power output from E. coli BW25113 cultures to as much as 29.7 mW/m 2 , or approximately 11-fold higher than the control MFC. BPEI also increased the activities of the mutant strains (to between 10.6 and 16.3 mW/m 2 ), as well as when benzyl viologen was the mediator. Additional tests found BPEI not only enhanced membrane permeability but also increased the zeta potential of the bacterial cells from a value of -43.4 mV to -21.0 mV. This led to a significant increase in auto-aggregation of the bacterial cells and, consequently, better adherence of the cells to the anode electrode, as was demonstrated using scanning electron microscopy. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the importance of outer membrane permeabilities on MFC performances and defines two benefits that BPEI offers when used within MFCs as an outer membrane permeabilizer.

Shu Otani, Dang-Trang Nguyen, Kozo Taguchi

International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics • 2020

In this study, a portable and disposable paper-based microbial fuel cell (MFC) was fabricated. The MFC was powered by Rhodopseudomonas palustris bacteria (R. palustris). An activated carbon sheet-based anode pre-loaded organic matter (starch) and R. palustris was used. By using starch in the anode, R. palustris-loaded on the anode could be preserved for a long time in dry conditions. The MFC could generate electricity on-demand activated by adding water to the anode. The activated carbon sheet anode was treated by UV-ozone treatment to remove impurities and to improve its hydrophilicity before being loaded with R. palustris. The developed MFC could generate the maximum power density of 0.9 μW/cm2 and could be preserved for long-term usage with little performance degradation (10% after four weeks).

Federico Poli, Matteo Morigi, Jacopo Seri et al.

ECS Meeting Abstracts • 2019

The low cost, the intrinsic robustness, the low environmental impact combined with the potential integration with the current production processes are some of the strength points that are pushing the research on Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) since the last thirty years. Still, to become a technology capable of incisively change the water and energetic landscape critical issues, MFCs needs to be improved for power output and quality. Here we report about three main strategies to address this challenge: i) the enhancement of the oxygen redox reaction at the cathode in the circum-neutral pH environment of MFCs by PGM-free catalysts based on Manganese and/or Iron oxides prepared by fast autocombustion from nitrates and glycols; ii) the exploitation of the inherent capacitive behaviour of the metal (Fe, Mn) oxides cathodes, iii) the smart integration of MFCs with commercial supercapacitors properly sized and connected in order to match short recharge time and high power output. Acknowledgments The research has been carried out under the Italy-South Africa joint Research Programme 2018-2020 Italian Ministers of Foreign Affairs and of the Environment. References Malaie, Keyvan, et al. "Simple preparation of carbon–bimetal oxide nanospinels for high-performance bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts." New Journal of Chemistry 42.24 (2018): 20156-20162. Francesca Soavi, Keyvan Malaie and Mohammad Reza Ganjal, “Towards low-cost and sustainable supercapacitor electrode processing simultaneous carbon grafting and coating of mixed-valence metal oxides by fast annealing ”, Frontiers, Accepted manuscript

Hong-Suck Kim, Byung-Goon Kim, Yong-Jae Lee et al.

Journal of Korean Society of Water Science and Technology • 2017

Tonia Tommasi, Giorgia Lombardelli

Journal of Power Sources • 2017

Xavier Alexis Walter, Samuel Forbes, John Greenman et al.

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments • 2016