Qijia Liu

MedScien • 2025

Rice (Oryza sativa) serves as the primary caloric source for over 3.5 billion people, yet its production is jeopardized by bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). This review synthesizes current knowledge on the socioeconomic importance of rice, molecular mechanisms of Xoo pathogenesis, limitations of conventional disease management, and breakthroughs in CRISPR-Cas9-mediated resistance engineering. By analyzing 28 field trials and 17 gene-editing studies, we demonstrate that CRISPR-driven disruption of susceptibility genes (e.g., OsSWEET14) reduces infection rates by 63–89%. However, regulatory fragmentation and pathogen evolutionary arms races necessitate integrated solutions. We propose a three-pillar framework combining CRISPR innovation, pathogen surveillance networks, and policy harmonization to achieve UN Sustainable Development Goal 2 (Zero Hunger).

Shengbo Jiang

Advances in Engineering Technology Research • 2025

Cellulose is a β-1,4 glucose polymer of polysaccharide derived from bacterial or plant cells and the structural backbone of plant cell walls. Compared with plant cellulose, bacterial cellulose’s uniqueness is its higher purity, unique structure, and strong nanoscale properties, making it particularly suitable for applications ranging from wound dressings to high-performance materials in industrial manufacturing. While the biosynthesis of plant cellulose has been studied sufficiently, the synthesis of bacterial cellulose, in particular its kinetic parameters and enzymatic processability, remains poorly understood. This study provides an explanation of the molecular details of the process, including the initiation, elongation, and termination.

, , Carole Feurer

• 2002

"In the last few years, genomics has profoundly changed research in the biological sciences and in particular in microbiology. Recent studies have demonstrated that comparative genomics is a powerful approach contributing to a deeper understanding of the evolution of microorganisms. Bacterial collections are important resources of microorganisms, however, the potential that genomics has to offer remains to be realised as it is still virtually absent in any study involving strain collections. This feature thus framed the experimental objectives for this study, whose aim was to define the most comprehensive way to apply genomic based methods (high throughput sequencing and bioinformatics) to a strain collection in order to solve the critical problem of microbial identification and classification. The study selected the Coryneform group of organisms, as it constituted a heterogeneous bacterial population, posing a unique technical challenge, containing bacteria which are normally difficult to classify using traditional approaches. Initially a preliminary analysis was performed on the Corynehacterium genus. A total of 207 bacteria of this genus (61 type strains [including 4 non validated isolates], 106 Corynebacterium sp., and 41 C. diphtheriae strains), were obtained from the Collection of the Institut Pasteur (CIP). Strategies used included 16S rRNA sequencing of all isolates together with multilocus sequence typing for strains of the same species. The type strains were first analysed to construct a broad phylogenetic tree, which also contained the sequences of as yet unidentified Corynebacterium sp. The majority of IX these were identified within the tree, but some did not cluster with any of the type strains, thus corresponding to new species. Genomic results data obtained were also compared with the already available phenotypic results from the curators of the CIP collection. Sequencing of two selected house-keeping genes (recA and gyrB) was successfully performed for strains of the C. diphtheriae species. In a final complementary section, to demonstrate the use of the phylogenetic data obtained on the genus corynebacterium, the 16S rRNA gene sequencing strategies developed were applied to surface cheese samples in an attempt to identify any coryneform bacteria present. The latter showed the presence of coryneform along with the biodiversity that naturelly occurs on the surface of the selected cheeses."

Dulce Maria Holanda Maciel, Luísa Córdova Wandscheer, Daniela Novelli

Journal of Textile Engineering & Fashion Technology • 2021

Thinking about innovations that reduce environmental impact and offer quality consumer goods is a way of proposing a future scenario governed by eco-efficiency values. Through an exploratory bibliographic and documentary research, which qualitatively analyses Kombucha authors and fermenters, this article seeks to identify the relationship between biomimetics and bacterial fabric production as an eco-efficient product in the fashion market chain. The general objective of this case study is to explain the fermentation process to encourage the search for raw materials inserted in the sustainability proposal.

R. Takors, M. Kopf, Joerg Mampel et al.

Microbial Biotechnology • 2018

The reduction of CO2 emissions is a global effort which is not only supported by the society and politicians but also by the industry. Chemical producers worldwide follow the strategic goal to reduce CO2 emissions by replacing existing fossil‐based production routes with sustainable alternatives. The smart use of CO and CO2/H2 mixtures even allows to produce important chemical building blocks consuming the said gases as substrates in carboxydotrophic fermentations with acetogenic bacteria. However, existing industrial infrastructure and market demands impose constraints on microbes, bioprocesses and products that require careful consideration to ensure technical and economic success. The mini review provides scientific and industrial facets finally to enable the successful implementation of gas fermentation technologies in the industrial scale.

Wenli Sun, M. H. Shahrajabian, Min-Qiu Lin

Fermentation • 2022

Fermentation has been used for ages as a safe technique for food preservation, and it uses minimal resources. Fermentation is related to a wide range of catabolic biochemical procedures in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Yeasts are eukaryotes; they can use oxygen while also having the ability to live without oxygen. The lactate fermentation process consists of glycolysis and some alternative steps. A review of the literature was done using keywords in main indexing systems, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, the search engine of the Institute for Scientific Web of Science and Google Scholar. The keywords reviewed were fermentation technologies, protein mass expression, health benefits of functional foods, microbial fermentation technology, anaerobic respiration, fermentation in eukaryotes, fermentation in prokaryotes, solid state fermentation and submerged fermentation. This research was carried out to highlight the importance of fermentation technology and to introduce and survey the technology and its relationship with functional foods. Research progress in the area of protein factory-microbial fermentation technology was also investigated and inspected.

B. Logan, B. Hamelers, R. Rozendal et al.

Environmental Science & Technology • 2006

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) research is a rapidly evolving field that lacks established terminology and methods for the analysis of system performance. This makes it difficult for researchers to compare devices on an equivalent basis. The construction and analysis of MFCs requires knowledge of different scientific and engineering fields, ranging from microbiology and electrochemistry to materials and environmental engineering. Describing MFC systems therefore involves an understanding of these different scientific and engineering principles. In this paper, we provide a review of the different materials and methods used to construct MFCs, techniques used to analyze system performance, and recommendations on what information to include in MFC studies and the most useful ways to present results.

J. T. Portwood

SPE Production Operations Symposium • 1995

Abstract This paper discusses a data-base of information collected from 322 projects, all treated with the same Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery process. An analysis of the data quantifies the effectiveness and economics of this particular process, and is a source of information useful for predicting treatment response in any given reservoir.

Patricia A. Maurice

Encyclopedia of Water • 2019

Abstract A biofilm is a microbial community held together by extracellular attachment features known as extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in a distinct 3‐dimensional structure or “architecture.” In addition to the organic microbial and EPS components, biofilms generally also include abiotic components such as mineral particles or tooth or bone structures that serve as support and sometimes as sources of nutrients. Biofilms can occur in many environmental settings, from soils to streambeds to suspended particulates in estuaries. Biofilms are important not just in the environment but also in biomedicine; they can occur, for example, on the surfaces of hip and other joint replacements and in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. This article serves as an introduction to biofilms, which are covered in greater depth in a variety of other articles in the Encyclopedia , particularly within the realm of microbiology and water and wastewater technology.

D.M. Munnecke, W.P. Weaver

Technical Meeting / Petroleum Conference of The South Saskatchewan Section • 1999

Abstract Hydrocarbon degrading bacteria can be used to detect migrating hydrocarbon gases from oil and gas deposits. As short chain hydrocarbon gases migrate to the surface, bacterial cells metabolize these gases in the near surface aerobic zone. In the laboratory, EBT measures the response porn these hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria and develops their recommendations based on a proprietary data analysis process. This process has been used to survey over 4.3 million acres in North America, South America, and Europe with over 3.7 million of these acres in Canada primarily in south eastern Saskatchewan. It has been shown that microbial surveys show a positive correlation between microbial highs and hydrocarbon deposits. This is especially apparent in the Elcott fll-2 Rl-3 W2), Bowdoin (Tl-2 R12-14 W3), and Flinton (TII R6-7 W2) areas where post survey drilling has conftrmed the microbial response. Exploratory wells drilled on microbial highs had a 63% success rate in the Elcott survey. The Flinton survey area had an 76% success rate. Overall, exploratory wells drilled on microbial highs have been completed 25 of 32 times, for a 78% success rate. Introduction Microbial Exploration Technology (MET) is based on two physical and biological principles. First, this technology assumes that oil and gas reservoirs will have a certain amount of hydrocarbon gas that migrates vertically to the surface. Secondly, these gaseous hydrocarbons serve as a nutrient source to soil microorganisms in the near surface aerobic zone. In the laboratory, these microbes are extracted from the soil, the response to short chain hydrocarbons is measured, and a series of contour and numerical maps is created based on the statistical analysis of the raw data. Statistical analysis of the soils includes an average MET value, relative average, percentile rank, and a Percent Probability of Success (%PS) rating. The %PS rating is a proprietary analysis that is based on the correlation of MET surveys with over 640 wells in the surveyed acreage. GUIDE TO MAP INTERPRETATION The survey results presented in this report are presented as %PS data. The %PS values fall into four categories. The red areas denote areas that have a 70% or greater chance of finding oil or gas, green a 55%-69% chance, yellow a 45% to 54% chance, and the white areas a 0–44% chance. Three classifications are used in ranking wells. The first classification is a Recommended drill site. Historically, wells recommended by EBT have been completed 77% of the time. The intent is to recommend well sites that have a high probability of success. These sites generally have a rating above 45% PS. EBT recognizes that non recommended sites will also be successfully completed. It is EBT's experience that MET non-recommended, exploratory well sites are completed 10% of the time. Wells ranked in the 40%-45% PS range are called Potential drill sites, which, if confirmed by other exploration data, would be recommended locations. Wells ranked below 40% PS are considered Low potential sites, where completion is expected less than 10% of the time.

Junhe Zhang

Advances in Engineering Technology Research • 2023

With the development of human industry, the mining and utilization of heavy metals has become more and more extensive, especially in the past 200 years. However, the excessive discharge of industrial and domestic sewage, overuse of pesticides and fertilizers in the production process, as well as electronic waste and medical waste in human life have led to many heavy metal ions entering the environment, exceeding the environmental capacity and entering organisms in large quantities, threatening the ecosystem and human health. Therefore, how to economically and efficiently deal with the heavy metal ion pollution generated in the process of production and life has become a hot issue. Currently, the main methods for treating heavy metal ions are chemical precipitation, ion exchange, adsorption, membrane filtration, electrochemical treatment technology, etc. However, the traditional methods for heavy metal treatment are usually faced with the problems of high cost, high complexity and high energy consumption. In recent years, microbial immobilization technology has received wide attention for its advantages of improved microbial stability, high heavy metal ion removal rate, etc. The corresponding microorganisms are encapsulated and aggregated by immobilized carriers, which enhances the cellular bioburden capacity and environmental resistance and improves the microbial removal efficiency of heavy metals.

A. A. Abdul Manap, I.C.C Chai, A.H. Goodman

APOGCE 2024 • 2024

Abstract In an era of sustainability push, the oil and gas industry need to have a revisit of its overall strategy. In addition to profitability, sustainability is another main development driver to consider. Out of the seventeen United Nations Sustainable Development Guidelines (SDG), five are applicable to the industry (Capello et. al. 2020). They are: SDG #6: Clean Water and Sanitation SDG #7: Affordable and Clean Energy SDG #13: Climate Action on Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions SDG #14: Life Below Water SDG #15: Life On Land Microbes are not a new focus area in the oil and gas industry, whether they contributed to favourable (microbial stimulation, EOR) and/or non-favourable (reservoir souring etc.) conditions. Microbial based technology is worth a re-evaluation since it can be considered one of the most environmental-friendly technologies available. This paper will focus on PETRONAS experience with microbial based technology studies. As we moved towards energy transition, PETRONAS is also looking into technologies which can support carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) implementation and hydrogen generation. From this perspective, methane generation (methanogenesis), and subsurface hydrogen generation (dark fermentation) is worthy of consideration. The paper highlights some of PETRONAS experience with focus on microbial EOR (at laboratory and pilot scale). Methanogenesis (at laboratory scale) and conceptual biohydrogen will also be briefly touched.

A. A. Pradhan, A. D. Levine

Water Science and Technology • 1992

Some microorganisms have the capacity to concentrate metal ions. Besides binding metal ions to cell walls, it is also possible that chemical complexation occurs between metal ions and extracellular enzymes. Experimental studies were conducted to evaluate metal uptake by cells and extracellular material. Dialysis studies demonstrated that extracellular material possesses a greater capacity of binding metals when binding is considered on the basis of chemical oxygen demand (COD).

Kyohei Baito, Satomi Imai, Makoto Matsushita et al.

Microbial Biotechnology • 2015

Summary In a deep aquifer associated with an accretionary prism, significant methane ( CH 4 ) is produced by a subterranean microbial community. Here, we developed bioreactors for producing CH 4 and hydrogen ( H 2 ) using anaerobic groundwater collected from the deep aquifer. To generate CH 4 , the anaerobic groundwater amended with organic substrates was incubated in the bioreactor. At first, H 2 was detected and accumulated in the gas phase of the bioreactor. After the H 2 decreased, rapid CH 4 production was observed. Phylogenetic analysis targeting 16 S rRNA genes revealed that the H 2 ‐producing fermentative bacterium and hydrogenotrophic methanogen were predominant in the reactor. The results suggested that syntrophic biodegradation of organic substrates by the H 2 ‐producing fermentative bacterium and the hydrogenotrophic methanogen contributed to the CH 4 production. For H 2 production, the anaerobic groundwater, amended with organic substrates and an inhibitor of methanogens (2‐bromoethanesulfonate), was incubated in a bioreactor. After incubation for 24 h, H 2 was detected from the gas phase of the bioreactor and accumulated. Bacterial 16 S rRNA gene analysis suggested the dominance of the H 2 ‐producing fermentative bacterium in the reactor. Our study demonstrated a simple and rapid CH 4 and H 2 production utilizing anaerobic groundwater containing an active subterranean microbial community.

L. A. Vasilevskaya

Modern medical technology • 2019

Objective. Changes in the monoculture of the pathogen in the microbial association of bacterial pathogens is accompanied, depending on their species composition, the progression of the inflammatory process with the development of destructive forms. The object was to install the value of microbial landscape in predicting the development of destructive forms of erysipelas.
 Material and methods. The diseases histories and cultures of wound secretions with the definition of sensitivity of microorganisms to antibiotics were analyses.
 Results. Of our studies indicate that the microflora of the primary cells in destructive forms of the erysipelas changed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Detected microbial pathogens in bacteriological studies of soft tissue exudates allowed installing criteria for forecasting the development of purulent complications.
 Conclusion. Bacteriological studies indicate that necrotizing skin lesions are preceded by the presence of S. Pyogenes in the exudates.

Ekaterini Moschopoulou

Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice • 2018

In this chapter, the use of microbial non-coagulant proteases, microbial lipases, and microbial transglutaminase in the cheese making procedure is discussed. Microbial proteases and lipases have been used for over 30 years to accelerate cheese ripening and consequently to enhance the cheese flavor development by increasing proteolysis and lipolysis level in a shorter time. They are commercially produced by bacteria and fungi species. Transglutaminase is a relative new enzyme, which catalyzes the cross-linking of peptide bonds and helps to improve the cheese texture and to increase the cheese yield. Today, cheeses from almost all cheese categories are produced using these enzymes.

, Shabir U Rehman, Rubina Lawrence et al.

Journal of Biopesticides • 2011

ABSTRACT Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma harzianum were evaluated along with fungicide (carbendazim 50 WP) as a seed treatment and soil drench against damping-off disease in cauliflower caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Under in-vitro conditions the bio-control agents significantly inhibited the growth of Rhizoctonia solani and under field conditions they caused significant reduction in damping-off incidence, increased the seed germination and improved plant growth vigor as compared to carbendazim and control. The findings of the present study concluded that seed treatment with Trichoderma harzanium and T. viride along with farm yard manure offered better performance against damping-off disease and seedling growth of cauliflower. Seed treatment and seedbed treatment with Trichoderma spp., with combination farm yard manure might be suggested to control soil-borne diseases and plant growth vigor.

Zumrut Begum Ogel

Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice • 2018

Rennet, traditionally obtained from calves, is non-vegeterian and unethical due to the slaughter of unweaned animals. Chymosin is highly specific to the Phe105-Met106 bond of κ-casein and has low proteolytic activity. Microbial aspartic proteases can partly replace chymosin. However, recombinant DNA technology has allowed chymosin itself to be produced by bacteria, yeast, and molds. Not only rennet from calf, but from animals like goat kid, lamb, buffalo, camel, and others can be used in cheesemaking. Chymosins of these animals can be cloned and successfully expressed in microorganisms and can be employed in the production of novel as well as traditional cheese products from the milk of camel, goat, and even horse and donkey. This chapter outlines the recombinant DNA techniques applied over the past few years to improve the microbial production of recombinant rennet, from animals and plants.

Wolfgang Sand

Materials Science and Technology • 2013

Abstract The sections in this article are Microorganisms and Corrosion Microorganisms and their Metabolism Bacteria and Cyanobacteria Fungi and Yeasts Algae Lichens Microbial Growth Factors Influencing Growth Substrate (Energy and Carbon Source) Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Trace Elements Water and Water Activity Concentration of Hydrogen Ions Redox Potential Aerobiosis, Anaerobiosis, and Oxygen Temperature Course of Growth Growth on Surfaces Microbially Influenced Destruction of Materials Mineral Materials Metallic Materials Materials of Natural Origin Plastic Materials Hydrocarbons Protection of Materials Passive Protection of Materials Selection of Materials Consideration of the Site Constructive Measures Simulation of Biogenic Attack Active Protection of Materials Physical Countermeasures Chemical Countermeasures Summary and Outlook

Vicki Kurtz

Offshore Technology Conference • 2013

Abstract An emerging treatment system, based on using Plasma-Shells as a high surface area source of Ultraviolet (UV) light, holds promise for addressing some of the key microbial and chemical water quality issues faced by small water systems. Plasma-Shells are hollow dielectric gas encapsulating shells that can be energized to emit light over a broad range of wavelengths. When the shells are coated with titanium dioxide and energized, advanced oxidation reactions can occur in tandem with disinfection. By optimizing the wavelength characteristics, it is possible to achieve pathogen inactivation (~250 nm) and also promote photocatalytic reactions through excitation of titanium dioxide (~350 nm). From a water treatment perspective, the net effect of these reactions is disinfection and photocatalytic mineralization of waterborne contaminants. A key advantage of titanium dioxide coated Plasma-Shells over more traditional UV light sources is that all components are rugged, inert, and safe. The ceramic based shell material and the encapsulated gas (neon and/or xenon) are inert and, therefore, do not impact water quality. The system is highly water efficient and does not generate a waste stream or process residuals. In addition, there are no consumable chemicals that need to be stored on-site. The shells can be regenerated on-site through an off-line thermal system. The high surface area of the Plasma-Shells allows for a relatively small technology footprint, compared to more traditional disinfection or oxidation systems. The size of the Plasma-Shells and the process design configuration can be tailored to provide reaction conditions that are appropriate to address a broad spectrum of chemical and microbial waterborne contaminants. Key elements of the technology include:Simple construction, rugged design, and scalable to meet site specific constraints.Modular process configuration that can be adapted to meet specific treatment requirements.Reliable source of UV light that is devoid of mercury or other potential environmental contaminants.High surface area to volume ratio that can provide efficient contact time for inactivating or mineralizing microbial and chemical waterborne contaminants.Efficient activation of titanium dioxide due to its direct contact with the UV light source.Use of a thin film of titanium dioxide obviates the need for post-treatment filtration and accomplishes the photocatalytic reaction in a single-step.

Charles S. Cockell

Microbial Biotechnology • 2022

Summary The establishment of a permanent human settlement in space is one of humanity’s ambitions. To achieve this, microorganisms will be used to carry out many functions such as recycling, food and pharmaceutical production, mining and other processes. However, the physical and chemical extremes in all locations beyond Earth exceed known growth limits of microbial life. Making microbes more tolerant of a greater range of extraterrestrial extremes will not produce organisms that can grow in unmodified extraterrestrial environments since in many of them not even liquid water can exist. However, by narrowing the gap, the engineering demands on bioindustrial processes can be reduced and greater robustness can be incorporated into the biological component. I identify and describe these required microbial biotechnological modifications and speculate on long‐term possibilities such as microbial biotechnology on Saturn’s moon Titan to support a human presence in the outer Solar System and bioprocessing of asteroids. A challenge for space microbial biotechnology in the coming decades is to narrow the microbial gap by systemically identifying the genes required to do this and incorporating them into microbial systems that can be used to carry out bioindustrial processes of interest.

Rima Abou Ibrahim, P. Tittelein, S. Lassue et al.

Applied Sciences • 2022

Façades built with integrated passive solar systems hold great promise for improving the energy performance of buildings and achieving indoor comfort conditions. Among these techniques, solar air preheating systems with different configurations have proven their ability to reduce the energy consumption of buildings during the heating season. In this study, we propose a ventilated solar wall (VSW) with a thermal storage unit intended for preheating ventilation air. The final aim of this study is to determine the thermal performance of the studied VSW over a significant time period (during the heating season) under various climatic conditions when it is integrated into the building envelope. Therefore, for this purpose, a simplified model was developed to be coupled to a building energy simulation (BES) code. The results from the detailed steady-state 2D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model show that the thermal efficiency of the VSW ranged from 55% to 70% as the air mass flow rate increased from 0.008 kg/s to 0.02 kg/s for a surface of 2.15 m2. These results were used to evaluate the convective heat transfer coefficients in the two air cavities and to validate the simplified model. The results indicate good agreement between the two models.

Mohammed Nihad Saadallah, Y. Q. Almajidi, Asgar Ali

Al-Rafidain Journal of Medical Sciences ( ISSN 2789-3219 ) • 2023

Background: Tazarotene (TZ) is a novel acetylenic class retinoid that selectively targets RARβ/γ. It is not particularly soluble or bioavailable, yet it is used to treat melanoma. Objective: To improve the tazarotene gel formula's transdermal distribution. Methods: TZ-incorporated binary ethosomes (TZ-BES) were developed for the current study. The cold technique and optimized Box-Behnken statistical design tools were used to synthesize the TZ-BES. The improved ethosome (TZ-BES13) was mixed with carbopol gel and tested for stability and ex vivo skin penetration, as well as viscosity, pH, spreadability, and drug content. Results: The optimal ethosomes (TZ-BES13) had a vesicle size of 168 nm, a PDI of 0.367, a zeta potential of -30 mV, and an entrapment effectiveness of 79.94%. TZ is enclosed in the ethosome matrix, as seen by the differential scanning calorimetry thermogram. FTIR shows that the TZ and additives are compatible. TZ-BES13-G2, the optimized TZ-BES13 gel, has a spreadability of 7.82 cm2, a pH of 6.52, a viscosity of 17235, and a drug content of 99.82±1.04%. Compared to the plan TZ-gel (43.54%), the TZ-BES13-G2 exhibits a much higher TZ release (89.22%). In 6 hours, rat abdomen skin permeability for TZ-BES13-G2 was 66.22±3.31%, much greater than that of plan TZ-gel (24.67%). The flow of TZ-BES13-G2 was 2.68 times greater than that of plan TZ-gel. The stability analysis showed that the formulation's properties had not changed significantly. Conclusion: Ethosomal gel offers an alternative mode of TZ administration when used topically.  

Andrea Costantino

Agriculture • 2023

The need to improve the sustainability of intensive livestock farming has led to an increasing adoption of Building Energy Simulation (BES) models for livestock houses. However, a consolidated body of knowledge specifically dedicated to these models is lacking in literature. This gap represents a significant obstacle to their widespread application and scalability in research and industry. The aim of this work is to pave the way for scaling the adoption of BES models for livestock houses by providing a comprehensive analysis of their application, development, and validation. For this aim, a systematic review of 42 papers—selected from over 795 results from the initial database query—is carried out. The findings underscored a growing body of research that involves BES models for different purposes. However, a common approach in both model development and validation is still lacking. This issue could hinder their scalability as a standard practice, especially in industry, also considering the limitations of BES models highlighted in this work. This review could represent a solid background for future research since provides an up-to-date framework on BES models for livestock houses and identifies future research opportunities. Moreover, it contributes to increasing the reliability of BES models for livestock houses by providing some recommendations for their validation.

A. Mishra, Pratibha Rani, F. Cavallaro et al.

Sustainability • 2023

Biofuel can become a favorable sustainable energy resource in India by relieving conventional fossil fuels. However, biofuel enterprises (BEs) are still in the preliminary phase because of sustainable development barriers (SDBs) in environmental, technological, economic, social, and regulatory aspects. In the paper, nineteen SDBs to biofuels are identified by studying the literature and decision experts’ (DEs’) views. Considering the involvement of multiple tangible and non-tangible barriers, the assessment of SDBs to BEs can be taken as a multi-attribute decision-analysis (MADA) problem. Since ambiguity and imprecision generally ensue in the assessment of SDBs to BEs, the doctrine of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFSs) has been recognized as a more sensible and proficient way to tackle uncertain MADA problems. Then, an integrated approach with IVIF-distance measure and IVIF-relative closeness coefficient models is presented to form associations between the SDBs to recognize the most important SDBs. The outcomes of this study show that four SDBs, i.e., “lack of effective storage facilities (EC-2), lack of investors (EC-3), technical issues associated with conversion technologies (T-2), and lack of trust between local societies, agencies, and developers (S-4)” are the leading obstacles. The paper also discusses some policies that can be utilized as a managing stage by the DEs to articulate guidelines for the operational exclusion of SDBs to biofuel enterprises.

K. Usanova, Kodali Anuradha, Rajendra Prasad et al.

E3S Web of Conferences • 2024

This work investigates the incorporation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into business models (BM) associated to Building Environment (BEs) in order to promote sustainable development, innovation, and resilient infrastructure. Through an analysis of business models released from 2016 to 2019, we explore the integration of important Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) such as affordable, green energy (SDG 7), sustainable growth (SDG 8), industrialization and innovation (SDG 9), and resilient cities (SDG 11) into the operational and strategic frameworks of various business designs. Evidence from case studies conducted in different nations demonstrates how business models may be modified to include sustainable practices and frameworks motivated by values. Furthermore, this text presents guidelines for integrating Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into upcoming Blue Models (BMs), emphasizing their significance in circular economies, green energy projects, and socially inclusive urban development. This paper provides important information to the stakeholders in the constructed environment as the legislators, developers, and academics who would wish to align their business agendas with the global sustainability goals. The research evidence suggests that business models associated with the SDGs allow for the management of modern sustainability challenges together with encouraging innovation and economic growth.

A. Bohra, A. Bohra, A. Dubey et al.

BMC Plant Biology • 2011

BackgroundPigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] is an important legume crop of rainfed agriculture. Despite of concerted research efforts directed to pigeonpea improvement, stagnated productivity of pigeonpea during last several decades may be accounted to prevalence of various biotic and abiotic constraints and the situation is exacerbated by availability of inadequate genomic resources to undertake any molecular breeding programme for accelerated crop improvement. With the objective of enhancing genomic resources for pigeonpea, this study reports for the first time, large scale development of SSR markers from BAC-end sequences and their subsequent use for genetic mapping and hybridity testing in pigeonpea.ResultsA set of 88,860 BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome)-end sequences (BESs) were generated after constructing two BAC libraries by using HindIII (34,560 clones) and BamHI (34,560 clones) restriction enzymes. Clustering based on sequence identity of BESs yielded a set of >52K non-redundant sequences, comprising 35 Mbp or >4% of the pigeonpea genome. These sequences were analyzed to develop annotation lists and subdivide the BESs into genome fractions (e.g., genes, retroelements, transpons and non-annotated sequences). Parallel analysis of BESs for microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) identified 18,149 SSRs, from which a set of 6,212 SSRs were selected for further analysis. A total of 3,072 novel SSR primer pairs were synthesized and tested for length polymorphism on a set of 22 parental genotypes of 13 mapping populations segregating for traits of interest. In total, we identified 842 polymorphic SSR markers that will have utility in pigeonpea improvement. Based on these markers, the first SSR-based genetic map comprising of 239 loci was developed for this previously uncharacterized genome. Utility of developed SSR markers was also demonstrated by identifying a set of 42 markers each for two hybrids (ICPH 2671 and ICPH 2438) for genetic purity assessment in commercial hybrid breeding programme.ConclusionIn summary, while BAC libraries and BESs should be useful for genomics studies, BES-SSR markers, and the genetic map should be very useful for linking the genetic map with a future physical map as well as for molecular breeding in pigeonpea.

I. D’Adamo, Cristina Di Carlo, Massimo Gastaldi et al.

Sustainable Development • 2024

Sustainable development serves as a guiding principle for societies aiming to progress beyond purely economic measures of well‐being. This paper constructs a composite indicator based on the framework of equitable and sustainable Well‐being (BES), integrating 105 indicators for Italian regions over the period 2018–2022. The results show that the provinces of Bolzano and Trento led the ranking. Regionally, those in the north scored highest in 2022 (0.603), followed by those in the central region (0.556) and south (0.404). Disaggregated data on the 12 BES dimensions highlighted specific areas for policy intervention. The results advocate for a pragmatic, non‐ideological approach to sustainability, asserting that Italy's competitive advantage (i.e., the “Made in Italy” program) is not contingent on territorial differences, but on provinces' relative ability to leverage and integrate their unique attributes on a global scale.

I. D’Adamo, Cristina Di Carlo, Massimo Gastaldi et al.

Sustainability • 2024

Sustainable development monitoring reveals the extent to which local and national territories are progressing towards sustainability goals. This study considered 105 indicators associated with the Equitable and Sustainable Wellbeing (BES) framework and 139 indicators associated with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), using multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) and cluster analysis to compare regional performance across the Italian territory in 2022. At the SDG level, Lombardia exhibited the highest performance, while the provinces of Trento and Bolzano led at the BES level. The results were further analyzed with respect to geographic macro-areas and the three dimensions of sustainability, via separate cluster analyses comparing the BES and SDG results. Northeast regions emerged as the top performers, and comparable performance was shown by regions in the center and northwest. The development of a sustainable innovation model, alongside territorial cooperation and synergy between regional specificities, may generate competitive advantages, especially when combined with resources and skills with an international profile.

Jinhui Chen, Xin Dong, Xionghong He et al.

Nuclear Science and Techniques • 2024

In the paper, we discuss the development of the multigap resistive plate chamber time-of-flight (TOF) technology and the production of the solenoidal tracker at RHIC (STAR) TOF detector in China at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Subsequently, recent experimental results from the first beam energy scan program (BES-I) at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) pertaining to measurements of collectivity, chirality, criticality, global polarization, strangeness, heavy flavor, dilepton and light nuclei productions are reviewed.

W. Sari, Dwi Indra Aprilliandari

BIOEDUSCIENCE • 2021

Background: Biology learning under the Covid-19 pandemic aimed to enhance educators' pedagogical competence by improving thinking abilities and producing results. One of the innovations intended to facilitate environmental learning is the BioEnviroScience App (BES App) for learning environmental science materials, specifically in the sub-environmental changes that occurred in the Province of the Bangka Belitung Islands. This media is integrated with Problem Based Learning (PBL) characteristics to guide the learning, allowing students to obtain learning experiences and make learning meaningful. Methods: This development design uses D&DR, which consists of six stages: 1) identifying the problem, 2) describing the objectives, 3) designing and developing the artifact, 4) testing the artifact, 5) evaluating testing results, and 6) communicating the testing findings. The feasibility test of the produced medium comprises a material, biological, and media specialists and is supported by peer review. A questionnaire was used to obtain data, which was examined quantitatively. Results: The material aspect of the feasibility test received 91.08% in the excellent category, the learning aspect of biology received 85.03% in the excellent category, and the media aspect received 89.08% in the excellent category. Conclusion: BES App deserves to be implemented on a large scale in several high schools in Pangkalpinang City.

Sat Pal

International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability • 2018

Urban population in Indian cities is encouraging auto reliance and having unsafe economic, social and environmental consequences. Land-use-change patterns are the outcome of the complex relations between the human and the physical surroundings. To address these issues the planners are moving beyond land use planning to a sustainable development. Transit and Land use planning are important components to achieve sustainable future of urban development. TOD is a planning tool to encourage this integration. This paper discusses the land use scenario and opportunity around four Metro transit stations in Faridabad city. Different methods and various sets of indicators are considered to evaluate and measure TOD index in this study. This study will evaluate and measure the Faridabad city in the context of land use around Metro Stations to support TOD. This paper seeks to answer how to promote walkable communities, compact and transit-oriented development (TOD) that incorporates mixed land use development, including neighbourhood schools, retail and business-related space and a mix range of housing types within walkable distance. This paper concludes that the stations area which had a low TOD score needs to have policy for improvement. If planned efficiently, TODs can realize the sustainable development with considerable change in the urban development that focuses on pedestrian based neighbourhood planning.

Оlena Linkova

Bulletin of the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" (economic sciences) • 2024

The main reasons for the increase in demand for the implementation of the concept of sustainable development in Ukraine are highlighted: increased expectations of society regarding ethically and ecologically responsible behavior to create a more sustainable future; the experience of interaction with other countries during the war demonstrates the need to harmonize the legislation of Ukraine with the legislation of the European Union; climate change requires the introduction of environmentally friendly technologies; knowledge economy allows to increase the efficiency of the use of resources. The analysis of scientific works on business ethics showed the need to transform the management system to introduce the concept of sustainable business development. The study of successful methods of sustainable development became the basis for substantiating the role of management consulting companies in this process. The article shows trends in the development of management consulting: implementation of digital technologies to improve work efficiency; changing the role of consultants to business partners to achieve goals; specialization in certain fields for the use of expertise; entering the international market to use new opportunities; growing role of environmental and social responsibility; development of online consulting and use of flexible project management techniques to increase adaptability for clients; use of artificial intelligence to automate tasks; change management to adapt to new challenges with risk minimization; development of ecosystems to increase the value of services. Peculiarities of the management consulting market in Ukraine were studied: managers' awareness of the importance of using consulting services; increased wartime demand for rapid recovery, renovation, and growth; changing the focus of demand for adaptation services to new business conditions. Priorities for sustainable business development are systematized: economic: long-term sustainability; efficiency of resource use; investing in environmental and social innovations; ethical: respect for the rights of all people; the organization's desire to create a fairer society; social cohesion and support of healthy communities; the company's social responsibility for impact on society; social investments. The priorities of management consulting clients in the implementation of the concept of sustainable development are classified: by the time of obtaining the result: current commercial; long-term image; by clients of the consulting company: commercial (non-commercial) organizations; State institutions. A conceptual model of the transformation of the management system for the sustainable development of clients of consulting companies was formed based on the basic components: idea, values, team. Values of management consulting business in Ukraine: introduction of a long-term approach in everyday business, through the development of local solutions, projects, creation of favorable conditions for investors through increased support for investing in sustainable development; detection of inefficiency, optimization of business processes; development of development strategies, effective risk management; development of corporate culture, change management; reducing the negative impact on the environment, capital mobilization in investments aimed at measurable positive social, economic, environmental impact along with financial profit, identification of new trends. In the author's work, the advantages of using management consulting in the transformation of the organization's management system are structured: access to global resources, global experience and knowledge through entering international networks, experience working with international clients, the use of new technologies, highly qualified personnel, access to talented people, growing competition and quality improvement, qualified assistance of consultants to managers. The introduction of transformational management by enterprises ensures: long-term viability due to the creation of economic values and reduction of risks; global alignment through the integration of sustainable development principles into corporate efforts; social stability and customer loyalty through the trust of stakeholders in investors from socially responsible funds. An issue for further research is indicated: ecosystem modeling based on management consulting companies

Olena Zamula, Oleksii Zamula

Bulletin of the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" (economic sciences) • 2024

Sustainable development management of the restaurant business has recently gained great importance in the process of ensuring its long-term success and competitiveness. This is connected with the growing needs of society for security and ensuring the principle of equality and the possibility of realizing the rights of all its members. Sustainable management of resources and diversity in restaurants is crucial both for decarbonization, which should stop environmental degradation, and for inclusive development, which will contribute to improving the living conditions of current and future generations. The article reveals the problem of developing practical recommendations for managing the sustainable development of the restaurant industry. Therefore, it is important to analyze existing approaches to planning measures to ensure savings and efficient use of all types of resources in order to determine a more efficient way of providing services, as well as to investigate methods of organizing interaction with clients, employees and the community for the fullest realization of the rights of all members of society. In order to ensure the long-term success and competitiveness of the restaurant industry, its managers are suggested, based on the concept of sustainable development, to implement a number of practical measures that will mitigate the impact on the environment associated with the processes of preparing and delivering meals. At the same time, the level of losses of all types of used resources will decrease and the efficiency of the institutions will increase. In order to achieve the goals of sustainable development within a single restaurant, it is proposed to manage diversity at different levels: staff, customers, community. This will help improve organizational behavior at the institution level, increase the level of job satisfaction and increase the productivity of the staff. And different customers of the restaurant will be provided with the availability of services, which, firstly, will meet their preferences, and, secondly, will help to overcome physical and psychological barriers for customers with special needs.

Bárbara V. Gonçalves, Raquel Portela, Ricardo Lobo et al.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy • 2019

Glutamate amidation, a secondary modification of the peptidoglycan, was first identified in Staphylococcus aureus . It is catalyzed by the protein products of the murT and gatD genes, which are conserved and colocalized in the genomes of most sequenced Gram-positive bacterial species. The MurT-GatD complex is required for cell viability, full resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, and resistance to human lysozyme and is recognized as an attractive target for new antimicrobials.

N. Mospan

Municipal economy of cities • 2020

This research paper devoted to the urban freight transport planning under sustainable city development. Continued urban population growth, traffic congestions, financial losses because of longer delivery times, harm-ful impact on environmental are highlighted as strong arguments for the freight traffic management in the cities. The article aims to help all stakeholders understand the challenges brought about by freight activities in an urban context, and make the planning process consistent and comprehensive for the city freight transportation system improvement. The brief overview of some recent foreign and native studies in urban transport planning and traffic engi-neering reveals main field of interests for modern researchers. The clear focus of the analysed scientific works di-rected on such aspects in sustainable urban freight transport development as energy and economic efficiency, eco-friendliness, safety, institutional and legal issues of freight transportations. Special attention is paid to the analy-sis of government initiatives in sustainable transport system development of Ukraine. Identification of the main freight transportation features in an urban area is carried out on the initial re-search stage. Each feature has an explanation for better understanding necessity of their usage in the freight transport planning process. The other focus of the research devotes to the description of the stages during urban freight transport planning process. Author attends a deep freight transport demand and supply analysis for a de-termination of the basic freight distribution regularities in an urban context. Therefore, a list of indicators for subsystem of city freight transportation evaluation is presented in the article. The whole set of indicators is divid-ed into economical, operational, environmental, social and general groups of indicators. Moreover, the compo-nents of successful measures implementation for an urban freight transport subsystem improvement are highlight-ed. Financial management, political support, institution, organisation and legal framework condition are consid-ered as the key elements of successful plans and measures implementation. Keywords: planning, sustainable development, freight transport, urban population, authorities.

Tania Blanco-Martín, Lucía González-Pinto, Pablo Aja-Macaya et al.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy • 2024

ABSTRACT Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) variants selected during ceftazidime/avibactam treatment usually develop susceptibility to carbapenems and carbapenem/β-lactamase inhibitors, such as imipenem and imipenem/relebactam. We analyzed imipenem and imipenem/relebactam single-step mutant frequencies, resistance development trajectories and differentially selected resistance mechanisms using two representative K. pneumoniae isolates that had developed ceftazidime/avibactam resistance during therapy (ST512/KPC-31 and ST258/KPC-35). Mutant frequencies and mutant prevention concentrations were measured in Mueller–Hinton agar plates containing incremental concentrations of imipenem or imipenem/relebactam. Resistance dynamics were determined after incubation for 7 days in 10 mL MH tubes containing incremental concentrations of each antibiotic or combination, up to 64 times their baseline MIC. Two colonies per strain from each experiment were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing. The impact of KPC variants identified in resistant mutants on β-lactam resistance was investigated by cloning experiments. Imipenem/relebactam suppressed the emergence of resistant mutants at lower concentrations than imipenem, slowed down resistance development for both strains, and the resulting mutants yielded lower MICs of carbapenems and carbapenem/β-lactamase inhibitors than those selected with imipenem alone. Characterization of resistant mutants revealed that imipenem resistance was mainly caused by inactivation of OmpK36 and mutations in the KPC β-lactamase. Imipenem/relebactam-resistant mutants also maintained OmpK36 alterations, but mutations in KPC were much less frequent compared with those selected with imipenem alone. Genetic and biochemical characterization of the KPC derivatives identified in the resistant mutants confirmed their role in carbapenem resistance. Our data positions imipenem/relebactam as an attractive therapeutic option for combating ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-producing K. pneumoniae infections.

Pavlo Tsyhenko

Municipal economy of cities • 2025

The article presents a comprehensive study of urban agglomerations as a multifaceted form of spatial organization of territories, which plays a key role in ensuring sustainable development, efficient use of resources and spatial coherence. The relevance of the study is due to the urgent need to adapt Ukrainian cities to the challenges of decentralization, digitalization, military destruction and strengthening of regional policy, where agglomerations play the function of centers of concentration of human, economic and infrastructure potential. The problem is posed by the lack of a coherent scientific approach to the interpretation of urban agglomerations, the vagueness of the legal status of such entities in Ukraine and the fragmentation of institutional mechanisms for their management. The purpose of the study is to systematize modern scientific approaches to understanding the essence of urban agglomerations, outline their structural organization and determine the main historical stages of formation. The object of the study is urban agglomerations as a form of spatial urban organization, the subject is structural and functional characteristics, stages of development and features of the Ukrainian context. The methodological basis is: typological analysis,structural and logical modeling, historical and genetic method, comparative analysis, as well as source analysis of current publications. In the process of the study: approaches to defining the concept of "urban agglomeration" were systematized; the structure of agglomerations was characterized and key components were identified; historical and modern stages of development were identified; the situation in Ukraine was analyzed and directions for further research were proposed. The conclusions emphasize the need for regulatory regulation, intermunicipal coordination and the application of digital management technologies for the formation of effective, sustainable and inclusive agglomerations. The results of the study can be used in the system of strategic planning, state regional policy and professional training in the field of urban planning and public administration.

Aleksandra Łuczak, Klara Cermakova, Sławomir Kalinowski et al.

Sustainable Development • 2025

ABSTRACT The growing importance of sustainable development and improved living standards has created a need for comprehensive methods to assess these concepts in a consistent manner across different regions. Despite widespread discussion in the scientific and policy communities, there is no standardised model for their measurement. The aim of this study is to present a methodological approach for determining the development position of territorial units in terms of sustainable development and living standards of the population. A new approach is proposed, integrating the modified positional TOPSIS method and bilinear ordering, to assess the levels of sustainable development and living standards of territorial units and to determine their development positions along with possible development scenarios. This approach was applied to evaluate European countries in 2021, based on statistical data from Eurostat. The results showed different levels of sustainable development and living standards among the countries evaluated. This study makes a significant contribution to the literature by providing a comprehensive framework for assessing sustainable development and standard of living at the territorial level. The results provide valuable insights for policy makers in designing strategies and policies to promote sustainable development and improve standard of living. Furthermore, the methodology proposed in this study can be adapted and applied in different regional and contextual analyses, making it a versatile tool for future research in this area.

Gracinda M. M. Sanches-Fernandes, Gianmaria Califano, Tina Keller-Costa et al.

Microbiology Resource Announcements • 2021

We present the genome sequence of Vibrio jasicida 20LP, a bacterial strain retrieved from larvae of gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ), a highly valuable, model fish species in land-based aquaculture. Annotation of the V. jasicida 20LP genome reveals multiple genomic features potentially underpinning opportunistic associations with diverse marine animals.